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In this context, we review the technological challenges and opportunities of current bio/chemical sensors and analytical tools by critically analyzing the bottlenecks which have hindered the implementation of advanced sensing technologies in pandemic diseases. Yet none of these tools are commercially available in the market or practically viable for mass production and use in pandemic diseases such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We discuss recent as well as ongoing nanotechnology-based therapeutic and prophylactic strategies to fight against this pandemic, outlining the key areas for nanoscientists to step in.īiosensors and nanoscale analytical tools have shown huge growth in literature in the past 20 years, with a large number of reports on the topic of ‘ultrasensitive’, ‘cost-effective’, and ‘early detection’ tools with a potential of ‘mass-production’ cited on the web of science. Nanocarriers have potential to design risk-free and effective immunization strategies for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine candidates such as protein constructs and nucleic acids. Controlling and eliminating the spread and reoccurrence of this pandemic demands a safe and effective vaccine strategy. This strategy directs the safe and effective delivery of available therapeutic options using engineered nanocarriers, blocking the initial interactions of viral spike glycoprotein with host cell surface receptors, and disruption of virion construction. Nano intervention is discussed in terms of designing effective nanocarriers to counter the conventional limitations of antiviral and biological therapeutics. The role of nanotechnology is highly relevant to counter this “virus” nano enemy. The current global health threat by the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) requires an urgent deployment of advanced therapeutic options available. In order to better understand this area benefiting rational design for future solutions, this review systematically summarizes and constructively discusses the porosity engineering in catalytic materials, including various synthesis methods, characterization of porous materials, and the effects of porosity on performance of CO2 reduction and N2 reduction. By shaping the surface porous structure, the selectivity of the redox reaction can also be enhanced. The introduction of pores in these materials by porosity engineering has been demonstrated to be highly effective in increasing the efficiency of the involved redox reactions, over 40% increment for CO2 reduction to date, by providing an increased number of exposed facets, kinks, edges, and catalytically active sites of catalysts. Various materials have been developed for the reduction of CO2 and N2. Exploring alternative sources of energy to replace fossil fuel consumption has become even more vital to control the growing concentration of CO2, and reduction of CO2 into CO or other useful hydrocarbons (e.g., C1 and C≥2 products), as well as reduction of N2 into ammonia, can greatly help in this regard. Global demand for green and clean energy is increasing day by day owing to ongoing developments by the human race that are changing the face of the earth at a rate faster than ever. Its implementation is only limited by current production capacities, an increase of which requires swift intervention by industry and authorities. Among the available alternatives, UV-C light satisfies the requirements of rapid, widespread, and economically viable deployment. We argue that additional measures are necessary to reduce virus transmission when people resume attending schools and jobs that require proximity or some degree of physical contact. However, their efficacy may be limited, particularly in shared indoor spaces, where, in addition to airborne transmission, elements with small surface areas such as elevator buttons, door handles, and handrails are frequently used and can also mediate transmission. Simple measures like frequent handwashing, facial masks, and other physical barriers are being commonly adopted to prevent virus transmission. Radical social distancing with the associated shutdown of schools, restaurants, sport clubs, workplaces, and traveling has been shown to be effective in reducing virus spread, but its economic and social costs are unsustainable in the medium term. We advocate the widespread use of UV-C light as a short-term, easily deployable, and affordable way to limit virus spread in the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.